Carbureting apparatus.



G. H. SKINNER. CARBURETING APPARATUS.

APPLIOATION FILED JULY 1s, 1908.

998,993. Patented July 25,1911.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

G. H. SKINNBR.

CARBURBTING APPARATUS.

APPLIOATION FILED JULY 13. 190B.

Patented July 25, 1911.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

G. H. SKINNER.

CARBURETING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 1s, 1908.

3 SHEETS-SHEETS.

Patented July 25 nesqse @z @faff nino.

GEORGE QEEBBERT SKINNER, OF EALING, ENGLAND.

CABIBURETING APPARATUS.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented' July a5, 1911.

Application led July 13, 198. Serial No. 443,399.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE I-IEREER'i` SKIN-EER; a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at l5 Woodville road, Ealing, in the county of London, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements Relating to Carbureting Apparatus for Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification. A

This invention relates to carbureting apparatus for internal combustion engines, and has particular reference to apparatus of the kind set forth in the specification of myd or apertures and theratio between the airl and hydrocarbon will be kept practically constant.

The chief objects of the presentinvention are to provide means for regulating the size of the aforesaid aperture or apertures, in connection with the arrangements described in the said prior speciiication, and to enable certain parts of the apparatus to be readily adjusted or detached. l

According to one form of my present invention the needle valve of the hydrocarbon inlet is carried by an air valve preferably of the piston type, which controls the passage of the induced air over the surface of the hydrocarbon inlet during thesuction stroke of the engine, and which projects atits rear end into or forms a Wall of-a flexible orgcollapsible auxiliary suction chamber communieating with the compartment of the carbureter that leads to the engine cylinder Consequently, during the suctionfstroke of the engine, the aforesaid piston valve will be promptly moved .owingto the reduction pressure in the auxiliary suction chamber at its rear end regardless ofthe dierence of pressure in the two compartments of the carbureter, one of which compartments communicates with the air inlet and the other with the engine.

According to another form of my invention the piston valve, which carries the needle valve of the hydrocarbon inlet axially and controls the flow of the induced air diamet-rically across its front face, is so ar ranged that its rear face is acted upon or influenced by the suction of the engine Without the aid of the collapsible suction cham ber above referred to. For this purpose the aforesaid piston-valvema be provided with a head itting into a c amber having a passage leading to the suction compartment of the carbureter. Or the piston valve may be arranged to reciprocate in a chamber or casing in direct communication with or formin partof the suction compartment of the car ureter,'the said piston valve or the aforesaid chamber or casing being suitabl shapedy or formed to enable the aforesaid d1-.

rect communication to be obtained.

In order that the said invention may be clearly understood and readily carried into effect, I will now proceed to describe the same more fully with reference to the ac companying drawi s in .which Figure 1 is a vertical section of one form of carbureter constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig 1 illustrates certain modifications of the construction shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3 3 of'Fig. l, showing also the float -feed chamber for controlling the supply of' hydrocarbon to the carbureter. Figs. 4 and 5y are' a lanview and end elevation respectively ci) the float-feed chamber. F ig 6 1s a plan of the external face or cover p ate .of the auxiliary suction chamber shown in F1 1. Fig. 7 is a-sectional elevation of a slight y modified construction of carbureter. Fig. 8 is a lsectional elevation of a further modified form `of carbureter; F ig; 9 belng a sectional elevation on the line 9--9 of Fig. 8, and Fig. 1 0 a section on the line 10-10 of Fig. e. Figa 11, 11a, 11b, 12 and 1a,

are .sectional elevations L of "various otherv modified fgrms ,of carbureter constructed according to o my invention.

A is the compartment 'of the carbureter that leads from the air inlet; B the com artment that leads to the engine cyllnder; the

piston-valve separating these two compartments; and D the needle valve of the hydrocarbon inlet D.l

E is the float-feed chamber'containing the float E mounted on the spindle E2 for controlling the supply of hydrocarbon to the carbureter. y

Referring rst more particularly to Figs. 1 to 6, the piston-valve rod c of the pistonvalve C is provided with a disk or head C', forming one Wall of the auxiliary suction chamber C2. The said disk or head C', which may be dish-shaped, is arranged with'- in a casing C3 having a cover plate C4t secured thereto in any convenient manner. In Figs. 1 and'2, I have shown the said casing and cover plate attached to the body portion C5 of the carbureter by a number ot rods or bolts C, the threaded ends of which pass through the base of the casing G3 and engage with the aforesaid body portion C5. The cover plate C4 and the disk C are connected together by a flexible or collapsible wall or band C7 so as to render the aforesaid suction chamber collapsible. A passage C8 is formed in the cover plate and casing so as to vput the suction chamber in communication with the carbureter compartment B which leads to the engine. During the suctionstroke ott' the en ine the reduction in pressure in the suction chamber C2 will cause the disk or head C to move toward the cover plate Ct, this movement being permitted by the exible character of the chamber. The movement of the disk or head C due to the contraction of the suction chamber C2 causes a corresponding movement of the piston valve C and with it the needle -valve Dot the .hydrocarbon inlet, so that the velocity of the air and the ratio between the air and hydrocarbon are kept practically constant. The piston valve Arod c is arranged to pass through a central boss c on the casing C3, the end to which the disk or head C is secured being preferably extended i in the form ot a rod or wire c2 passing through an aperture in the cover plate C4 so that by observing the position or movement of. the said rod or wire it may easily be ascertained if the suction chamber is oper ating correctly; the rod or wire may also serve to manipulate the piston valve when desired. The rods or bolts CG which secure the cover plate and casing to the body portion of the carbureter may be provided with heads C9 similar in shape to winged nuts so .that they may be readily manipulated. By

tightening or slackening one or more of these rods or bolts relatively to the others, the casing C3 may be slightly tilted` or displaced from its bearing on the body portion C5 of the carbureter and a ne adjustment may thus be impartedy to the needle in the orifice of the h drocarbon inlet. To assist in the aforesai slight tiltingpor displacement of enanas the casing, the inner edge of the bearing between the casing and the body portion of the carbureter may be slightly rounded or coned or a small ridge may be provided as shown at c (Fig. la) to allow the slight tilting-movementot the casing in its bearing without` incurring unnecessary stresses. lVhen the rods or bolts are unscrewed, the auxiliary suction chamber C2, casing C3, piston-valve rod c and piston valve C can easily be removed and replaced. In some cases the casing C3 might be dispensed with, the passage C8 then taking the form of a pipe leading from the cover plate 'C4 to the carbureter compartment B, and the bolts or rods o being provided with flanges to convert them. into distance rods, as sho-wn in Fig. 1a.

In the modication shown in Fig. 7, the casing Ct itseli1 forms the side wall of the auxiliary suction chamber C2, the disk or head C at the end of the piston valve rod 0 being in the form of a piston head working in the chamber C2, and the collapsible wall being dispensed with. In some carbureters, however, I prefer to dispense with the auxiliary suction chamber C2 altogether, and form the body portion of the carbureter with a `chamber or casing in which the piston valve works with its rear face in direct communication with the suction compartment B of vthe carbureter, the said valve or the aforesaid chamber or casing being suitably shaped or formed to enable this direct communication to be obtained. Figs. 8, 9 'and 10 show one method of carrying this into eiect. In this construction the pistonvalve C Works Within the chamber C", the piston-valve rod c passing through a hole in the cover plate C4. The piston-valve C is partly cut-away at that portion which projects into the suction compartment B of the carbureter so that when the piston valve rises there will exist a free way from the inlet compartment A to the suction compartment B. I

In the modification shown in Fig. l1 the piston valve chamber orvcasin'g C0 communicates with the suction compartment B of the carbureter through a separate pipe or passage Cx* vwhich may in some cases be provided With a non-return valve c* as shown in Fig. 11, for preventing the partial vacuumproduced at the rear of the piston valve during the suction stroke of the engine from becoming too quickly destroyed.

when the suction ceases; or a dash-pot arrangement as shown at cxx in Fi il might be resorted' to. Similarly a va ve, such as construction shown in Fig. 1l., the pistonvalve C is cup-shaped, the, bottom of the cup carrying the needle valve I) on its ex- This cup shaped piston valve -may be'flat-V tened or inclined on the side C adjacent to the suction compartment B of the carbureter to allow the lnduced air to pass `to the engine cylinder immediately the piston 10 valve moves under the action of the suctlon I of the engine.

The passages or compartments leading from the air inlet to the piston valve and from the piston valve to the engine cylinder l may be inclined to oneanother as shown .in Figs. 1 and 7 ,`with the piston valve C and its chamber or casingsituated in the angle between them, or the said passages may be situated\parallel to one another as in Fi s.

11, 12y and 13, with the piston valve and its chamber or casing inclined thereto. In cases where the aforesaid passages are parallel 'to one another it might happen as shown in Fig. 12 that the piston valve C separating the two compartments A B would not permit them to communicate with each other during its initial movement and toA obviate this a pocket or enlargement Bx isv provided so that immediately-the piston /valve rises, the air passing from`the compartment A across the workin face of the saidv piston valve flows' into t e pocket Bx and hence along the compartment B. In order that the piston valve may return promptly to its seating, it may be made com aratively thick or heavy so as to move quic y under the action of gravity, or a spring may if desired be arranged to bear upon the rear face of the piston valve, as

40-shown for example at C00, 'inFig la.

l In order to prevent the piston valve C from'shifting angularly on its seating any convenient means may be employed, such means being particularly necessary 1n the case of the cut-away form of piston valve,

the weight of which is, of course, unsymmetrically distributed. One arrangement may, for example, as shown in Fig. 13, comprise a guide rodl c3 projecting from the plston-valve chamber or casing and passing through a slot c4 in lthe piston valve.

In carbureters that are to beemployed on engines producing a high degree of suction I prefer to make the portion of the piston valve rod c thatprojects through the end.

plate C4 of` the valve chamber or casing C of small diameter so that the draft through the annular space between the said rod and the opening through which it projects may 50 be'reduced to the minimum thus avoiding moisture from the atmosphere from becoming deposited and accumulating inthe aforesaid space, where it might ultimately freeze and prevent the piston valve rod from promptly responding to the ,variations of pressure in the carbureter. In this case the piston valve rod may be mounted, as shown 1n Fig. 13, in a bearing 05 held in position within the chamber or casing by suitable web-pieces c6 or the like extending from the bearing to the walls of the chamber or casing. In Isome cases, however, the piston Valve rod maybe dispensed with altogether, as shown in Fig. 11". Y

In'all forms of .my invention hereinbefore set Vforth it `is preferable that the needle valve D of the hydrocarbon inlet D should be carried on the face of the piston valve in a central or axial position, so that any slight angular movement of the piston valve about its axis does not therefore affect the position of the needle valve with respect to the said hydrocarbon inlet. Also owing to the fact that the air passes transversely across the n face of the piston valve and not around its peripheryv as in an ordinary disk valve, the pist-on valve has a considerable range of motion in responding to the varying volumes of air vrequired to pass its face under the Iaction of the varying degrees of suction in the engine.

In some of the forms of my invention the piston 'valve is shown provided with an axial recess c" into whichv the needle valve D of the hydrocarbon inlet is inserted. A set screw F passing through the side of the piston Valve may be employed to fix the needle valve after the latter has been adjustedlaxially in the recess. Another method of insuring that the needle-valve is correctly situated for rco'peration with the hydrocarbon inlet, consists in forming the hydrocarbon inlet D in a removable plug D2 which may be so constructed as to be capable of slight play in its seating as shown in Figs. 1 and 8.

Before placing the piston valve C and needle valve D iny position, the clamping screwV D3 is slightly withdrawn so as to allow the removable plug D2 to be loose or slack in its seating. On then placing the piston valve and its needle valve in position, the said needle valve D, which is preferably tapered and extends for some considerable' distance through the hydrocarbon inlet DT, will, if the'la'tter is lnot in exact alinement with it, move ythe said plug until a true alinement is obtained.v The' clamping screw D3` is then tightened up and thereby fixes the removable; plug D2 securely 'in itsv adjusted position.

The float feed'chamber or 'res.ervoir E, in

which'the supply of hydrocarbon is containedI and its eed regulated, -is capable of ready detachment and its means of attachment are of such a characterthat the said feed chamber may be readily=adjusted` relatively to the carbureter' withoutthe necesc sity of removing rits connecting'screws orof detaching it. For this purpose the said float,

feed chamber is inf the example shown formed with .a lug or ann Es which is secured to the carbureterat a point below the passage E4 leading to the hydrocarbon inlet so that the said float feed chamber may be moved around the saidv passage Et as a center, and the most convenient position found before itis firmly secured in position. A set screw E5. may conveniently be employed to secure the aforesaid lug or arm ES to the carbureter, both the set screw El5 and the lug or arm E3 being'bored lor drilled so as to provide a passage for the hydrocarbon from the iioat feed chamber E to the hydrocarbon inlet D in Whatever position the float feed chamber may have been set.

What I-claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is A l. A carbureter for internal combustion engines, comprising a passage leading from the vair inlet to the engine cylinder, an airregulating valve placed With its axis inclined, to that of the said assage and-so as to normally obstruct the ow of'air therethrough, a chamber in which the rear part ofv said air-regulating valve-moves, a valve seating in the aforesaid passage arranged to extend transversely across the front end of said air regulating valve, a fuel supply needle valve carried by said air-regulating valve, a fuel inlet in the valve seating to cooperate With the `said needle valve, and means for enabling the suction of the engine to raise ,the aforesaid air-regulating valve from its seating. f

2. A carbureter for internal combustion engines, comprising a passage leading from the air inlet to the engine cylinder, an airregulating valve placed With its axis inclined to that of the said passage and so as to normally obstruct the flow of air there-,

through, a chamber in which the rear part of said air-regulating valve moves, a valve seating in the aforesaid passage arranged to extend transversely across the front end of said valve a fuel supply needle valve axially carried by said air-regulating valve, a fuel inlet in the valve seating to coperate With the said needle valve, and means for enabling the suction of the engine to raise the aforesaid air-regulating valve from its seating.

3. A carbureter for internal combustion engines, comprising a passage leading from the air inlet to the engine cylinder, an airregulating valve placed 'with its axis inclined to that of the said passage and so as to normally obstruct the flow of air therethrough, a chamber in which the rear part of said air regulating valve moves, a valve seating in the aforesaid passage arranged to extend transversely across the front end of said valve, a fuel supply pipey connected with an aperture in said seating, a needle,

valve coperating with the aforesaid vaperture and carried by said air-regulating valve, afuel inlet in the valve seating to cooperate with the `said needle valve, and means for enabling the suction of the engine to raise the aforesaid air-regulating valve from its seating. y

4. A carbureter for internal combustion engines comprising a passage leading from the air inlet to the engine cylinder, an air-.

regulating piston valve placedy With its axis inclined to that of the said passage and-so as to normally obstruct the flow of air therethrough, a chamberinwhich the rear part of said piston valve moves,la valve seating in the aforesaid .passage arranged to extend diametrically across the front end of said piston valve, a fuel supply. pipe connected with an aperture in said seating, a needle valve coperating with the aforesaid aperture and carried by said piston valve axially, an auxiliary chamber having a movable Wall attached to the rear end of the aforesaid piston valve, and `means for enabling'the suc-- i tion ofthe engine to cause the mdvable Wall tovmove in a direction to raise the air regulating valve from its seatingn 5. A carbureter for internal combustion engines comprising a passage leading from the air inlet to the enginel cylinder, an airregulating piston valve situated to normally obstruct the flow of air along the said pasl sage,a chamber in which the rear part of said air` regulating valve moves, a valve seating in the aforesaid passage arranged to extend diametrically across the `front end of said piston valve, a fuel supply pipeconnected With an laperture in said seating, a needle valve cooperating with the aforesaid aperture and carried by said piston valve axially, a collapsible auxiliary chamber having a movable Wall attached to the rear end of the aforesaid piston valve, and means for enabling thev suction of the engine to cause the movable Wall to move in a direction to raise the air regulating valve from its seating.y

6. A carbureter for internal combustion engines, comprising a passage leading from the air inlet to the engine cylinder, 'an airregulating piston valve situated 'to normally obstruct the flow of air along the said passage, a chamber in which the rear part of said piston-valve moves, a valve seating in the aforesaid passage arranged to extend diametrically across the front end of said piston-valve, a fuel supply pipe connected with an aperture in said seating, a needle valve coperating with the aforesaid aperture and carried by said piston-valve axially, a head attached to the rear end of the pistonvalve, a coverplate, a flexible Wall extending between the head and the cover plate to form an auxiliary collapsible chamber, and means for enablin the suction of the engine to cause the a oresaid head to move in a direction to raise the air-regulating valve from its seating. v

7 A carbureter for internal combustion engines comprising a passage leading from the air inlet to the engine cylinder, an airregulating piston valve situated to normally obstruct the low of air along the aforesaid passage, a valve seating in the aforesaid passage arranged to extend diametrically across the front end of said valve, a fuel supply needle valve carried on the front end of said Y 8. A carbureter for internal combustion engines comprising a passage leading from -the air inlet to the engine cylinder, an airregulating valve placed with its axis inclined to that of the said passage and so as to normally obstruct the flow of air therethrough, a chamber in which the rear part of said air-,regulating valve mJves, a valve seating in the aforesaid passage arranged to extend transversely across the front end of said valve, means for enabling the suction of the engine to raise the aforesaid air-regulating valve from its seatingya fuel inlet nozzle laterally movable in said seating, a needle valve in the front end of the airi'egulating valve for cooperation with the said movable nozzle, and means for fixing the nozzle inv position.

9. A carbureter for internal combustion engines comprising a passage leading from the air inlet to the engine cylinder, an airregulating valve place with its axis inclined to that of the said passage and so as to normally obstruct the flow of air therethrough, a chamber in which the rear part of said air-regulating valve moves, a valve seating in the aforesaid passage arranged to extend transversely across the front end of said valve, a needle valve carried by the airregulating valve, ,a fuel inlet in the valve seating to cooperate with the said needle valve, means for enabling the suction of the engine to raise the aforesaid air-regulating valve fromyits seating, a float feed chamber containing fuel, a lug extending laterally from the bottom of said Hoat feed chamber, and a screw for fixing said lug to the cai'- bureterbelow the needle valve, thel aforesaid lug and screw being drilled to permit the passage of the fuel through them.

l0. A carbureter for internal combustion engines comprising a passage leading froml,

the air inlet to the engine cylinder, an'airregulating piston valve placed with its axis inclined to that of the'said passage and so as to normally obstruct the iiow of air therethrough, a chamber in which the rear part of said air-regulating valve moves, a valve seating in the aforesaid passage arranged to extend transversely across the front end of said .piston valve, a needle valve carried by the air-regulating valve, a fuel inlet in the valve seating to coperate with the said needle valve, means for enabling the suction of the engine toraise the aforesaid air-regulating valve from its seating, a`valve rod extending rearwardly from the aforesaid piston valve, and an extension of said valve rod of smaller diameter than the latter and projecting outside the carbureter.

In testimony whereof I ax my signature in presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE HERBERT SKIN N ER.

Witnesses:

T.' SELBY WARDLE, GEORGE I. BRIDGES. 

